JAMAICA sequence 2 Terminal

Traditional IPA: ʤəˈmeɪkə
3 syllables: "juh" + "MAY" + "kuh"

JAMAICA AND STEREOTYPES

Trace écrite

Jamaica has gained its independence in 1962 after a tumultuous period of social, political and economic pressures imposed by the Old World on the island. Indeed, since the act of emancipation in 1834, the Jamaican economy mainly based on the slave trade and the sugar production completely collapsed. Another consequence of the abolition of slavery is that new freed slaves and now citizens gathered to form a political party, given way to the creation of the National People Party in 1938. From then/henceforth, power was given to the people, who made it to the polls ( prendre les urnes). In 1961, Jamaicans were asked through a referendum whether they wanted to become independent or to remain a part of the British empire. They voted for the independence.

Correction ( coming soon)

Correction (coming soon)

RASTAFARANISM

Rastafari, Rasta Messianic religio-political movement beginning in the 1930s in Jamaica with a message of black pride, freedom from oppression, and the hope of return to the African homeland. This movement is named after Ras Tafari Makonnen who was crowned emperor of Ethiopia until 1974 and took on the name Haile Selassie I at his coronation. Rastafari’s dislike the term "Rastafarianism" because they reject the "isms and schisms" that characterize oppressive and corrupt white society. The movement is referred to as "the Rastafari movement," "Rasta," or "Rastafari." The Rastafarian lifestyle usually includes ritual use of marijuana, avoidance of alcohol, the wearing of one's hair in dreadlocks, and vegetarianism. Rastafarians believe in the Judeo-Christian God, whom they call Jah. In general, Rastafarian beliefs are based in Judaism and Christianity, with an emphasis on Old Testament laws and prophecies and the Book of Revelation.

full article here: https://www.nybooks.com/daily/2017/01/06/the-true-story-of-rastafari/

MARLEY theMovie

Correction: Yellow= vocabulary to learn

1. Them Bully Full is a song warning against the Jamaican government and world leaders( Babylon) at large, responsible for a caste system that keeps the Poor poorer and the Rich richer. Them Bully Full ( but I'm hungry) describes the full stomach of rich people and their overconsumption, while poor people are dying with an empty stomach, hungry. The song reminds its audience and especially the government that hunger is the principal reason to revolt ( hungry mob= angry mob). Yet, the type of revolt and revolution advised by Bob Marley is to dance and sing, the only solution to forget about our trouble.

Also this song as a religious meaning. Indeed, Rastafari often practices days of fasting, where they feed their spirit, their mind, but not their body. Moreover, to dance and sing is part of the Rastafari worship as a way to celebrate God.

Extra:

In Bible, Proverbs 21:13 says: “One day, RICH and POOR will cry to God during
those times”.
New International Version (NIV)

"Whoever shuts their ears to the cry of the poor
will also cry out and not be answered."

tribulation: /ˌtrɪbjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ noun

1. a cause of great trouble or suffering.

"the tribulations of being a megastar"

o a state of great trouble or suffering.

"his time of tribulation was just beginning"

sorrows

troubles

sickness

weakness

2. Get up Stand up is a song urging people to take action in their liberation against oppression. The song was written in 1973 right after Marley flew Haiti where he observed dire poverty. Marley then asks people everywhere to fight for equality and stop dreaming about a better world afterlife, but start building it now. Indeed, Rastafari did not believe in Heaven ( paradise after death) ( "Most people think great God will come from the sky/ Preacher man don't tell me heaven is under the earth") but in paradise on earth ( " But if you know what life is worth /You would look for yours on earth"). Therefore Marley is acting like a pastor/ prophet showing the light ( the truth) to people ( "And now you see the light/ You stand up for your right, yeah"). He is criticizing white religion and white preaching of christianity which used religion and the notion of paradise after death to justify hardship and struggle on earth ( poverty, inequality, slavery...). He is asking his audience to start seeing the beauty of the present life not hoping for heaven, and to build heaven on earth by fighting all the wrongs.

3. Redemption is one of the most famous songs of all time and the most famous protest song. In it, there is the well-known statement made by Black Nationalist Marcus Garvey "Emancipate yourselves from mental slavery/ None but ourselves can free our minds!", a call for all people on earth ( but especially Blacks) to liberate themselves from any form of slavery. Indeed, slavery can be more than a physical lack of freedom. Slavery had consequences on the spirit, brain, way of thinking, of people who are still unchained without physical chains.

The first stanza deals with the history of slaves and their hard lives, but Marley says that they were liberated by the hand of God, by religion. In the chorus, he asks his audience to sing with him, like in a prayer so that we all can pray God. He then adds that the only thing he ever possessed in this life is music and song, meaning religion and prayer.

"How long shall they kill our prophets/ While we stand aside and look?"= This is a very famous quote, often used by the Muslim community, of other persecuted religious people. As "get up stand up" Bob ask people to start acting against people who do wrongs and fight Rastafari and religion.

4. Crazy Baldheads is a song targeting White people ( Westerners, and also White supremacists like the KKK) in opposition with Rasta men who wears the dreadlocks from Jamaica ( " Chase those crazy baldheads out of town"). Verse1 deals with slavery showing that it is Black slaves who actually build Jamaica. Nonetheless, it is the White man who enjoys the work of the slaves, without sharing with his Black human brother ( Now you look me with that scorn/ Then you eat up all my corn). Verse 2 deals with the same subject: here Marley talks about another sort of slavery, mental slavery and prison as a continuity of slavery: Slaves built schools but they don't enjoy the right to go to schools or get educated, instead they are send to prison ( that they build too).

-WAR-

Until the philosophy which hold one race
Superior and another inferior
Is finally and permanently discredited and abandoned
Everywhere is war, me say war

That until there are no longer first class
And second class citizens of any nation
Until the color of a man's skin
Is of no more significance than the color of his eyes
Me say war

That until the basic human rights are equally
Guaranteed to all, without regard to race
A dis a war

That until that day
The dream of lasting peace
World citizenship
Rule of international morality
Will remain in but a fleeting illusion
To be pursued, but never attained
Now everywhere is war, war

War in the east, war in the west
War up north, war down south
War, war, rumors of war

And until the ignoble and unhappy regimes
That hold our brothers in Angola, in Mozambique
South Africa, sub-human bondage
Have been toppled, utterly destroyed
Well, everywhere is war, me say war

War in the east, war in the west
War up north, war down south
War, war, rumors of war

Some winning, some losing,
Some dying, some crying
Some singing...

-No more trouble-

We don't need no more trouble
We don't need no more trouble

What we need is love (love)
To guide and protect us on (on)
If you're up look down from above (above)
Help the weak if you are strong now (strong)

We don't need no trouble
What we need is love (What we need is love sweet love)

We don't need no more trouble
We don't need no more trouble

Speak happiness (Sad enough without your woes)
I beg you to speak of love (Sad enough without your foes)

We don't need no more trouble
We don't need no more trouble

Trace écrite Seance Leaving home 2

objective: to show how reggae music was a tool to export rastafari belief abroad across the borders as well as idea of population. It has also played a role in converting people to rastafari.

Reggae Music : a tool for change

Jamaican reggae music has played an important role in spreading Jamaican culture around the world and Bob Marley is one of its most iconic singers.

Marley’s lyrics spoke of the dire struggle/tumult/ political instabilities of Jamaica at his time, so that the world can know the situation the country was facing. The main themes of his songs deal with change, equality, revolution, injustice... They encourage people to fight for their rights.

Consequently, his music inspired revolution around the world. Marley is sometimes perceived as a prophet because through his songs he is sharing the teaching of Rastafari to a world audience, as well as Pan-Africanism. His music was especially popular in the African continent, as he was perceived as a Messiah and converted a lot of young people.

words to learn

linking words

dire: extremely serious or urgent /ˈdʌɪə/

Grammar

1. Jamaican reggae music has played= pourquoi cette phrase est au présent perfect? pk pas au prétérit ( it played....)?

Car c'est une action qui a commencé à un moment antérieur à la situation d'énonciation, c'est à dire au passé, et qui continue encore de jouer un role au moment où je parle. Le prétérit aurait condamné cette action au passé sans établir un lien avec le présent. Également, le PP permet de montrer l'impact sur le présent de cette action passée, c'est à dire, aujourd'hui de nombreuse personnes à travers le monde connaissent la Jamaique grâce au reggae.

2. They encourage people to fight for their rights= structure causative

Structures causatives

Remarquez deux construction possible, TO+ infinitif ou bien TO sans infinitif.
On utilise cette structure pour montrer qu'une chose à un pouvoir sur nous ( objet) et nous fait réaliser quelque chose ( verbe avec ou sans to qui suit)

Examples:

Music makes me happy/ sad/ecstatic/
Music moves me.
Music encourages me to get up in the morning.
Music allows me to dream.
Music helps me to focus.
Music inspires me in my life....

WINDRUSH TESTIMONY SEANCE

Possible productions

Some of them decided to migrate/ to move to London for professional reason, so as to find better jobs, but other moved to join their loved ones or because they were dreaming of more independence and wanted to go away from their parents' control.

On the one hand, most the immigrants' testimonies show that they want to stay in England but on the other hand some of them are still calling Jamaica "home".

WRITTEN EXAM